Gua Sireh, also known as Sireh Cave, is a limestone cave located in the Bau district of Sarawak, Malaysia. It is a major archaeological site, widely recognized for providing key insights into the prehistoric human occupation of Borneo. The cave's strategic location and natural features made it an ideal shelter for early inhabitants for thousands of years.

Archaeological excavations at Gua Sireh, which began in the 1950s, have unearthed a wealth of artifacts that shed light on the lives of its ancient occupants. Researchers have found stone tools, pottery fragments, and other objects that indicate continuous human activity from the Stone Age up until the Iron Age. A particularly notable find was evidence of rice husks on pottery, which suggests that rice cultivation was practiced in the region as early as 4,000 years ago. Human and animal remains have also been recovered, providing a broader picture of the diet and burial practices of the people who lived there.

The most striking feature of Gua Sireh is its collection of rock art, specifically charcoal drawings and red ochre paintings on the cave walls. These drawings depict various scenes and figures, including people, animals, and what appear to be scenes of hunting and conflict. Recent radiocarbon dating has revealed that some of the drawings are from the 17th to 19th centuries, aligning with a period of increased territorial violence between the local Bidayuh people and encroaching Malay elites. This connection between the art and the historical record highlights the cave's role as a refuge and a place to document local struggles.

Today, Gua Sireh is a protected heritage site and a popular tourist destination, managed by the local Bidayuh community in collaboration with the Sarawak Museum Department. It stands as a powerful testament to the long and rich history of the region.